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As far as we know, the deformation caused by the heat treatment of the mould is one of the main defects in the mould process. For some complex precision moulds, they are often out of service owing to the deformation caused by the heat treatment. Therefore, how to control the deformation of front bumper mould the precision mould is the primary issue in the process of the heat treatment. When the mould is in the heat treatment, especially in the quenching process, because of the temperature gaps caused by the difference of the heating speed and cooling speed in the mould sections, the mould sections' cubage is not even. Therefore, in the following article, it will discuss the reason of the deformation and the protective measures in order to raise the quality of the precision mould and its service life.
The heat treatment has a great influence on the deformation of the precision mould from two aspects, namely heating rate and heating temperature.
What comes first is the influence of the heating speed. It is often thought that the deformation of the mould after the heat treatment is caused by the cooling. Actually speaking, this view is not correct. Especially for the precision mould, the process technology also has a great effect on the deformation of the mould. Compared with other heating technologies, it is more obvious that the quicker the heating speed is, the more serious the deformation is. Why does the heating speed cause the deformation? As far as we know, any metal will swell once it is heated. When the precision is heated, the temperatures of different parts are not even and thus the swelling degrees of the different parts are not the same. When the temperature is under the transformation point of the steel, the uneven heating mainly produces the heat stress. But once the temperature exceeds the transformation temperature, the uneven heating also will result in the inconsistency of the structural transformation. Therefore, the quicker the heating speed is, the greater the difference between the temperature of the mould surface and the temperature of the core. Correspondingly, the stress will become greater and thus the transformation caused by the heat treatment is more obvious. How to solve the problem is an important issue. When the temperature is lower than the transformation point, the precision mould should be heated slowly. Generally speaking, the transformation caused by the vacuum heat treatment is less serious than that caused by the quenching in the salt bath furnace.
Next, the heating temperature also has an effect on the deformation of the precision mould. The higher the quenching heating temperature is, the longer the crystal grain of the steel is. Because most of the precision moulds are made by the alloy steel, with the increase of the quenching temperature, the amount of the remaining austenite in the organization of the mould will be increased. Thus the after the heat treatment, the precision mould will bring about the deformation. As for the protective measure, it is suggested to choose the suitable heating temperature. It is better to choose the quenching heating temperature at the floor level.